Is it necessary to have cavities in the baby teeth repaired?
乳牙蛀成了洞還有必要補上嗎？
If the baby teeth are going to fall out, I don't think that it matters if they become decayed.
如果乳牙是要脫落的，我想蛀了也沒有關(guān)系呀？
You're mistaken about that. Cavities in the baby teeth should be treated for two reasons.
對于這一點你是錯的，乳牙之所以要治療有以下兩個原因：
First of all, the tooth may become infected if the decay is severe. Infection from a tooth mightbe painful and harmful to a child's general health.
首先，假如蛀得太厲害了，對于其他牙齒是會感染的，牙齒感染可能會痛，對孩子的全身健康也有害。
The second reason is that premature1 loss of baby teeth can result in crooked2 permanentteeth.
第二個原因是乳牙過早脫落會使恒牙長成阻生齒。
For which teeth is the most important?
哪一顆牙齒最重要？
This is particularly important in the permanent first molar (six year molar), and the deciduoussecond molar. If the permanent first molar moves forward because the deciduous3 secondmolar has been lost too soon. the length of the dental arch will be shortened. If that happens,there may not be space for all the permanent teeth.
恒牙的第一顆磨牙（六歲磨牙）和乳牙的第二顆磨牙最重要，假如恒牙第一顆磨牙因為乳牙的第二顆磨牙過早脫落而向前移動，那么齒弓的長度就要縮短，假如齒弓縮短了，那么對于所有的恒牙來說，空隙就會不夠了。
And what do you do if there is not enough space?
假如空隙不夠你就會怎么做？
A space maintainer is needed if certain baby teeth are lost too soon. A space retainer is neededwhen there isn't enough space. In the way, the dental arch is lengthened4 and space is made forthe teeth to grow normally.
若有些乳牙過早脫落，那么就需要空隙保持器，當(dāng)空隙不夠的時候就需要用空隙撐開器，用這種辦法齒弓就可以弄長，那么就可以為牙齒的正常的發(fā)展騰出空隙。
I never realized that baby teeth are so important.
我過去一直沒有認識到乳牙是這么重要。
Yes. Deciduous teeth are very important. Be sure that all of your children brush their teethwell. Don't give them too many sweet foods. Also, be sure that they have a dental examinationevery six months. Use toothpaste that has a fluoride in it to help strengthen the toothenamel and prevent cavities.
是的，乳牙確實非常重要，一定要做到使你的孩子們把牙齒刷好，不要給他們吃太多的甜東西，還有，一定讓他們每六個月到牙醫(yī)那里檢查一次，要用含有氟化物的牙膏，以增強牙齒的琺瑯和防止蛀牙。
I see. We do not use fluoride toothpaste. I didn't know it is so helpful.
明白了，我們沒有用含氟化物的牙膏，我不知道這種牙膏這么有用。
Fluoride that's applied5 to the teeth by a dentist or dental hygienist is also helpful. Fluoride in achild's drinking water is the third way to strengthen the teeth. It's the most effective way toprevent cavities. Ideally, all three methods of applying fluoride should be used.
由牙醫(yī)或醫(yī)生助理給牙齒涂上氟化物也有效果，第三種增強牙齒的方法是在孩子們喝的水中放入氟化物，這是防止蛀牙的最好辦法，最理想的是三種使用氟化物的辦法都探用。
As for now, Doctor, what is the best thing to do?
就說現(xiàn)在吧，最好的辦法是什么？
There are many things that I have to do before I make a diagnosis6 and treatment plan for yourson.
在我給你的兒子作出診斷和治療計劃之前，我要做好些事。
Today we'll take the following:
今天我們要做以下以下幾件事：
1) A profile photograph (picture) of the head.
一、拍一張頭部側(cè)面的照片。
2) An intraoral photograph.
二、拍一張口腔內(nèi)的照片。
3) Orthodontic study models (plaster models of the teeth and jaws).
三、做用于矯正手術(shù)研究用的模型（牙齒和上、下頜的石膏模型）
4) A cephalogram (an X-ray of the head).
四、部的X光片。
5) An orthopantmograph (a panorex X-ray of the jaws).
五、拍一張上、下頜的全面照片。
6) Complete X-ray series including bitewings and periapicals.
六、拍包括咬圈和齒根尖部在內(nèi)的一套X光照片。
Please make an appointment to come back next week. At that time I'll decide what has to bedone to treat your son.
請先預(yù)約好下次再過來，到時我再決定如何給你的兒子治療。
One week later:
一個星期之后
I've studied your case and I've made a diagnosis1 and treatment plan.
我研究過你的病歷，并作出了診斷和治療計劃。
What have you decided2, Doctor?
醫(yī)生，您決定怎樣治療？
Even though there are many favorable factors in Taro's case, there isn't enough space for allthe permanent teeth. It'll be necessary to extract3 the upper and lower first premolars. Thespace that's made by the extractions will be needed to move the teeth into normal positions.There won't be any spaces between Taro's teeth after treatment.
盡管按太郎的情況來看，他的有利因素還不少，但是對于他所有的恒牙來說空隙還是不夠的，有必要將上、下排的第一顆前磨牙拔掉，利用拔牙之后空出來的地方使牙齒移動到合適的位置上，太郎的牙齒經(jīng)過治療后在牙與牙之間就不會有空隙了，
He's going to be a very handsome young man when I've completed his case.
等到我給他治療完畢之后，太郎會變成一個美少年。
Is it easy to move the teeth?
移動牙齒容易不容易？
No, it's usually quite difficult. It must be done slowly and carefully. The first step is to put bands(braces) on the teeth.
不容易，可難著呢，做起來應(yīng)該又慢又細心，第一步先要在牙齒上放上帶環(huán)（支架）
Pressure is applied4 to the bands so that the teeth will move to where they should be. Thepressure on the bands will be adjusted once a month.
在帶環(huán)上加上壓力，可以把牙齒往需要移動的地方移動，帶環(huán)上的壓力每一個月調(diào)整一次。
上一篇：沒有了
下一篇：口腔臨床英語對話——錯頜畸形
微信公眾號搜索“譯員”關(guān)注我們，每天為您推送翻譯理論和技巧，外語學(xué)習(xí)及翻譯招聘信息。