英語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句兩大類。一般都置于被修飾的名詞或代詞之后，但在翻譯時(shí)，具體處理的方法并不完全相同。

1. 限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)所修飾的名詞或代詞起限制作用和明確作用，一般譯為定語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)，置于被修飾詞之前。

All the poisons that are absorbed in any part of the body are sooner or later brought to the liver.

機(jī)體各部分所吸收的全部毒物遲早都會(huì)被帶到肝臟。

A patient who is in profound shock from acute blood loss should have emergency blood replacement and surgical treatment immediately.

凡因急性失血發(fā)生深度休克的病人，應(yīng)立即給以緊急輸血和手術(shù)處理。

The factors which make for the formation of gall stones are apparently periodic rather than continuous in their mode of action.

顯然，膽石形成因素的作用方式呈周期性，而不是持續(xù)性。

Such use as we are able to make of helpful bacteria and such control as we have of harmful ones depend upon our knowledge of their habits.

我們對(duì)有益細(xì)菌的利用和對(duì)有害細(xì)菌的控制都有賴于我們對(duì)細(xì)菌習(xí)性的了解。

2. 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)被修飾詞起描述作用和補(bǔ)充作用，一般譯為并列分句

In any case, its activity is profoundly modified by various factors, which may be of either nervous or chemical origin.

無(wú)論如何，它的活動(dòng)受到各種因素的強(qiáng)烈影響，這可能是神經(jīng)因素，也可能是化學(xué)因素。

Around each alveolus there are capillaries, which are very small blood vessels.

在每一肺泡周圍有許多毛細(xì)管，它們是很小的血管。

形式上的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，一般也譯為并列分句。

Some pathogenic bacteria live constantly in the body but cause no trouble unless there are changes in body which lower its resistance, such as local irritation, fatigue, heat or cold, or hunger or thirst.

有些致病菌一直生活在人體內(nèi)而不致病，除非是體內(nèi)發(fā)生了象局部刺激、疲勞、冷熱、饑餓或干渴等變化，降低了抵抗力。

Suppression of a portion of the microflora inevitably results in proliferation of other organisms of which some may have pathogenic potentiality.

一部分細(xì)菌受到抑制勢(shì)必導(dǎo)致其他細(xì)菌的增殖，其中有些可能具有致病的潛在能力。

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