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英文合同保密條款的翻譯及起草
2017-07-10 09:26:20    etogether.net    網(wǎng)絡(luò)    


    (b) any breach causes the Company irreparable harm,in the event of any breach or threatened breach of this Article by the Recipient or any of its Representatives,the Company is entitled to equitable relief, including injunctive relief and specific performance, [ without the posting of a bond or other security and] without proof of actual damages.

Section X. 08, Indemnity. The Recipient shall indemnify and defend the Company and its Affiliates against all damages,losses,costs,liabilities and expenses (including [ reasonable] legal fees and the cost of enforcing this indemnity),arising out of or relating to any unauthorized use [ or threatened use ] or disclosure [ or threatened disclosure ] by the Recipient or any of its Representatives of the Confidential Information or any other violation of this Article.
Section X. 09. Survival. Despite any other provision of this Agreement,this Article survives any termination of this Agreement or the consummation of the transactions that this Agreement contemplates.
(二)條款內(nèi)容
較為完備的保密條款的內(nèi)容通常包括:
機密信息的范圍或定義(Definition/Scope ),保密義務(wù)(Obligation to Maintain Confidentiality),未經(jīng)授權(quán)的使用(Unauthorized Use),允許獲得披露的人(Permitted Disclosee),終止(Termination ),強制披露(Compelled Disclosure ),禁止令救濟 (Injunctive Relief),賠償(Indemnity),繼續(xù)效力(Survival)等規(guī)定。
(三)法理及判例
Injunctive relief (禁止令救濟)
禁止令最初的含義是停止侵權(quán)。禁止令(Injunction),也稱禁令、強制令,是指在訴訟過程中,侵權(quán)明顯成立的,法院要求侵權(quán)當事人實施某種行為或一系列行為,或禁止一定行為的命令。目的是在實質(zhì)爭議解決前,防止侵權(quán)行為的重復(fù)或預(yù)期發(fā)生,保護當事人正當權(quán)益。這是英美法系國家在知識產(chǎn)權(quán)訴訟中常用到的救濟手段, 肇始含義是停止侵權(quán)。在我國,停止侵權(quán)是民訴法和民法通則中規(guī)定的民事責任之一,是法院查明事實后在最終裁判時要求侵權(quán)人承擔責任的方式之一,但上述兩個法律及有關(guān)的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)法律沒有規(guī)定法院可以在訴訟過程中行使該項權(quán)利。可見, 我國沒有禁止令制度。然而,《最髙人民法院關(guān)于貫徹執(zhí)行〈中華人民共和國民法通則〉若干問題的意見》第162條規(guī)定,“在訴訟中遇有需要停止侵害、排除妨礙、消除危險的情況時,人民法院可以根據(jù)當事人的申請或者依職權(quán)先行作出裁定。”該條規(guī)定為法院在訴訟過程中及時制止侵權(quán)提供了法律依據(jù),實際上開了我國禁止令制度先河。但由于該規(guī)定較原則,未明確具體條件和程序等,故司法實踐中法院很少靈活運用該條規(guī)定有效制止侵權(quán)人繼續(xù)實施侵權(quán)行為,減少因侵權(quán)帶來的損失。因 此,有必要對民法通則若干意見第162條進行解釋和擴張,在借鑒基礎(chǔ)上建立完善我國的禁止令制度。①
(四)翻譯起草技巧
1. Section X. 01. 是對“保密信息”進行界定。若翻譯時能夠先瀏覽該部分的內(nèi)容,將有助于明了其行文結(jié)構(gòu),為使其譯文符合漢語的語言習慣而進行語序調(diào)整打下基礎(chǔ)。通過瀏覽,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這段原文的行文結(jié)構(gòu)為:


                Section X. 01. Definitions.
    (a) Confidential Information. “Confidential Information” means
    (i) all information relating ? ? ?,however documented,that has been, or may later be
    (A) provided or shown to …;or
    (B)obtained from …;


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