Episode一詞在醫(yī)學(xué)文章中用得相當頻繁。但它在一般字典上的釋義卻是：①（文藝作品中的）一段情節(jié)；（幾部曲中的）一部曲，插曲；②（一系列事件中的）一個事件。顯然，這些詞義都與醫(yī)學(xué)沒有什么聯(lián)系?？疾靍pisode在醫(yī)學(xué)文章中的用法，可以確定它的基本詞義是attack，onset（發(fā)作）。但在翻譯成漢語時，則可能有多種表達法?，F(xiàn)歸納如下：

一、在心臟病、精神病、癲病等陣發(fā)性疾病中，常譯為“發(fā)作”

1. Although, by definition, no patient presented an acute episode of collapse, three patients had a sudden acute exacerbation of symptoms during the course of their illness.

根據(jù)定義，雖然沒有一個病人出現(xiàn)虛脫急性發(fā)作，但有三人在生病期間，癥狀突然急性惡化。

2. The episodes of bigeminy and ventricular tachycardia were sorted in descending order so that the 10 longest episodes were always reviewed.

室性二聯(lián)律和室性心動過速發(fā)作以遞降順序分類，所以總是要觀察十次最長的發(fā)作。

二、譯成“發(fā)病”、“發(fā)生”、“復(fù)發(fā)”

3. Episodes of low cardiac output which were accompanied by significant increases in PAP/AOP ratio occurred in 20 patients and were managed by alteration and/or administration of pulmonary vasodilators.

在二十個患有低心輸出血量發(fā)病的患者中，伴有肺動脈壓和主動脈壓比率明顯增加，其處理方法是改善通氣和/或給以肺血管擴張劑。

4. The other two patients died of other serious concurrent illness after showing signs of recovering from their embolic episode. 

其余兩個病人在栓塞發(fā)生后的恢復(fù)期，由于其他嚴重并發(fā)癥而死亡。

三、與數(shù)詞連用，常譯成“……次”或“發(fā)作……次”

5. About five episodes of nausea and vomiting were associated withthis pain.

隨疼痛出現(xiàn)了大約五次惡心和嘔吐。

6. We have summarized our follow-up information on patients with variant angina. We observed five episodes of cardiac arrest in a total of 23 patients with proven coronary artery spasm.

我們已總結(jié)了隨訪變異性心絞痛病人的資料。在總共23例經(jīng)證明為冠脈痙攣病人中，我們觀察到五次心跳驟停。

四、有時可省略不譯

7. Did he come out of this episode of unconsciousness?

他蘇醒過來了嗎？

8. However, in cases that had episodes of increased PAP/AOP ratio, the mean duration of function was increased to five days, and this was almost certainly related to the use of continuous tolazoline infusion through the catheter.

然而，在患有增加肺動脈壓和主動脈壓比率的病例中，平均效用時間增加到五天，這幾乎肯定與通過導(dǎo)管繼續(xù)輸入抗腎上腺素有關(guān)。

五、有時還可譯成“現(xiàn)象”、“情況”

9. However, in our experience some patients, in whom a high pulmonary vascular resistance was successfully lowered by the above measures, have had episodes of increased pulmonary vascular resistance post-operatively accompanied by clinical deterioration, which in some cases was extremely rapid.

然而，根據(jù)我們的經(jīng)驗，通過上述措施，某些病人的肺血管阻力成功地降低了，但術(shù)后由于臨床惡化并在某些病例中發(fā)展很快，所以仍有肺血管阻力增高的現(xiàn)象。

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