目前，美國(guó)是中國(guó)服務(wù)貿(mào)易逆差最大來(lái)源國(guó)，占中國(guó)服務(wù)貿(mào)易逆差總額的20%左右。中國(guó)對(duì)美服務(wù)貿(mào)易逆差主要集中在旅行、運(yùn)輸和知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)三個(gè)領(lǐng)域。

　　中國(guó)對(duì)美旅行服務(wù)貿(mào)易逆差不斷擴(kuò)大。據(jù)美國(guó)商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計(jì)，截至2016年，中國(guó)內(nèi)地到訪美國(guó)的游客數(shù)量已連續(xù)13年增長(zhǎng)，其中12年的增速都達(dá)到兩位數(shù)。中國(guó)商務(wù)部統(tǒng)計(jì)顯示，2017年中國(guó)游客赴美旅游、留學(xué)、就醫(yī)等旅行支出合計(jì)達(dá)510億美元，其中赴美游客約300萬(wàn)人次，在美旅游支出高達(dá)330億美元。在教育方面，美國(guó)是中國(guó)學(xué)生出境留學(xué)第一大目的地，2017年中國(guó)在美留學(xué)生約42萬(wàn)人，為美國(guó)貢獻(xiàn)約180億美元收入。根據(jù)美國(guó)方面統(tǒng)計(jì)，中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)旅行服務(wù)貿(mào)易逆差從2006年的4.3億美元擴(kuò)大至2016年的262億美元，年均增長(zhǎng)50.8%。

China’s trade deficit with the US in tourism continues to widen. According to the DOC, by 2016 the number of Chinese mainland visitors to the US had been increasing for 13 consecutive years, with double-digit growth in 12 of the 13 years. MOFCOM statistics suggest that in 2017 Chinese visitors going to the US for tourism, education, and medical treatment spent a total of US$51 billion in the US. Among them, 3 million were tourists, who spent as much as US$33 billion while traveling in the US. In education, the US is the largest overseas destination for Chinese students. In 2017, there were around 420,000 Chinese students in the US, contributing some US$18 billion to local revenues. According to US figures, China’s trade deficit with the US in tourism grew from US$430 million in 2006 to US$26.2 billion in 2016, registering an average annual growth of 50.8%. 

　　中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)支付知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)持續(xù)增加。據(jù)中國(guó)有關(guān)方面統(tǒng)計(jì)，美國(guó)是中國(guó)第一大版權(quán)引進(jìn)來(lái)源國(guó)，2012-2016年，中國(guó)自美國(guó)引進(jìn)版權(quán)近2.8萬(wàn)項(xiàng)。中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)支付的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)從2011年的34.6億美元增加至2017年的72億美元，6年時(shí)間翻了一番（圖3）。其中2017年中國(guó)對(duì)美支付占中國(guó)對(duì)外支付知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)總額的四分之一。

　　圖表：圖3：中國(guó)對(duì)美國(guó)支付知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)使用費(fèi)情況 新華社發(fā)

China’s payments for the use of US intellectual property continues to rise. Chinese statistics indicate that the US is the largest source of intellectual property imports to China. From 2012 to 2016, China imported nearly 28,000 items of intellectual property from the US. China’s payments for US intellectual property doubled in six years from US$3.46 billion in 2011 to US$7.2 billion in 2017. (Chart 3) In breakdown, China’s intellectual property payments to the US accounted for a quarter of its total intellectual property payments to foreign countries. 

Chart 3: China’s Payment for the Use of US Intellectual Property