Five Q&As on What is Happening in Hong Kong 

By H.E. Zheng Zhuqiang, Chinese Ambassador to Uganda

　　2019年8月25日，烏干達(dá)《新愿景報》全文刊登了駐烏干達(dá)大使鄭竹強(qiáng)署名文章《香港怎么了？——關(guān)于香港事態(tài)的五問五答》。

　　文章全面介紹了中國中央政府在香港實行“一國兩制”的歷史原因與香港特區(qū)政府修訂《逃犯條例》和《刑事事宜相互法律協(xié)助條例》的背景情況。著重闡明當(dāng)前香港事態(tài)是暴力活動而絕非和平游行；是香港反對派企圖顛覆特區(qū)合法政府、挑戰(zhàn)中央政府權(quán)威、動搖香港“一國兩制”的憲制根基；是外國干預(yù)勢力粗暴干涉中國內(nèi)政、香港事務(wù)，企圖把香港作為一枚棋子，牽制和遏制中華民族偉大復(fù)興。嚴(yán)正指出香港是中國的香港，香港事務(wù)是中國內(nèi)政，絕不容外國插手。奉勸某些外國勢力，收回幕后黑手，不要誤判形勢，在錯誤的道路上越走越遠(yuǎn)，否則必將搬起石頭砸自己的腳。全文如下：

　　烏干達(dá)素有“非洲明珠”美譽(yù)。無獨有偶，在世界的另一個地方，有一座城市也被稱為“明珠”——“東方明珠”，那就是香港。作為中國的一個特別行政區(qū)，香港是重要的國際金融、貿(mào)易、航運(yùn)中心和國際創(chuàng)新科技中心，是全球最自由經(jīng)濟(jì)體和最具競爭力城市之一，也是中西方文化交融之地。但近期，圍繞香港特區(qū)政府?dāng)M修訂《逃犯條例》和《刑事事宜相互法律協(xié)助條例》，香港發(fā)生了一系列游行示威活動和暴力事件，引起國際社會廣泛關(guān)注。許多烏干達(dá)朋友也密切關(guān)注香港近期事態(tài)發(fā)展，紛紛詢問“香港怎么了”。我愿借此機(jī)會和大家聊聊關(guān)于香港的幾個問題。

Uganda is known as the "Pearl of Africa". As a coincidence, there's another place -- a city -- in the world that enjoys the reputation as the "Pearl"-the "Pearl of the Orient". That is Hong Kong. As a Special Administrative Region (SAR) of China, Hong Kong is not only an important international financial, trade, shipping hub and international innovation and science/technology center, but also one of the freest economies and most competitive cities in the world. It's a unique place where the Chinese and West cultures come together.

Recently, however, against the backdrop of the Hong Kong SAR Government's proposed amendment bills to the Fugitive Offenders Ordinance and the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Ordinance, a series of demonstrations and violent incidents that took place in Hong Kong caused broad concern in the international community. Many friends in Uganda also closely follow the recent development of the situation in Hong Kong and wonder "what is happening in Hong Kong?" I would like to take on this question from the following perspectives.

　　一、中國中央政府為什么在香港實行“一國兩制”？

　　香港自古以來就是中國領(lǐng)土。1840年，英國憑借堅船利炮發(fā)動鴉片戰(zhàn)爭侵略中國，其后，英國于1842年通過與中國清朝政府簽訂不平等條約，強(qiáng)迫清政府割讓香港，并自那時起對香港進(jìn)行了長達(dá)150多年的殖民統(tǒng)治。1949年中華人民共和國成立后，中國政府同英國政府通過談判簽署了《中英聯(lián)合聲明》，中國于1997年7月1日恢復(fù)對香港行使主權(quán)，香港回歸祖國懷抱。為照顧香港人民長期在資本主義制度下形成的思想、道德、生活方式差異，中國政府決定在香港實行“一國兩制，港人治港，高度自治”，成立了香港特別行政區(qū)，中國中央政府依照憲法和香港特區(qū)基本法對香港實行管治。香港享有除國防和外交事務(wù)以外的高度自治權(quán)，保持原有資本主義制度和生活方式50年不變，包括英國在內(nèi)的其他國家對回歸后的香港無主權(quán)、無治權(quán)、無監(jiān)督權(quán)。

I. Why has the Chinese Central Government implemented the policy of "One country, Two systems" in Hong Kong?

Hong Kong has been a Chinese territory since ancient times. In 1840, the United Kingdom started the Opium War and invaded China by their advanced military strength. Subsequently, in 1842, the United Kingdom forced the Government of Qing Dynasty of China into signing an unequal treaty, forcing the latter to cede Hong Kong. Since then, the United Kingdom had ruled Hong Kong as a colony for over 150 years by subsequently forcing the Qing Dynasty into signing a series of unequal treaties. After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, the Chinese Government and the British Government negotiated and signed the Sino-British Joint Declaration, and on 1 July 1997, China resumed her sovereignty over Hong Kong, and Hong Kong returned to the embrace of her motherland. Considering the already existing ideological, moral and lifestyle differences that the people in Hong Kong had formed under the capitalist system for the long period of time, the Chinese Central Government decided to set up the Hong Kong SAR and implement the policy of "One country, Two systems, Hong Kong People Governing Hong Kong with a High Degree of Autonomy" in the SAR. The Chinese Central Government governs Hong Kong in accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR, while Hong Kong enjoys a high degree of autonomy, except only for issues relating to national defense and foreign affairs, keeping the existing capitalist system and way of life unchanged for 50 years. Other countries, including the United Kingdom, have no sovereignty, no power to rule, no power to supervise over Hong Kong after her return.