在中外企業(yè)合作中，中國政府沒有強制要求外商投資企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)讓技術(shù)的政策和做法。中外企業(yè)技術(shù)合作和其他經(jīng)貿(mào)合作完全是基于自愿原則實施的契約行為，雙方企業(yè)都從中獲得了實際利益。一般來說，外國企業(yè)技術(shù)收入有三種模式：（1）一次性轉(zhuǎn)讓，可以按轉(zhuǎn)讓價結(jié)算，也可以折價入股；（2）銷售的設(shè)備、零部件或產(chǎn)品中，包括技術(shù)收入；（3）技術(shù)許可，收取許可費。比如，當(dāng)一家具有技術(shù)優(yōu)勢的外國企業(yè)銷售設(shè)備給中國企業(yè)，中國企業(yè)由于不掌握設(shè)備的某些技術(shù)，需要長期多次購買設(shè)備提供方的技術(shù)服務(wù)和零部件，在此情況下，中國企業(yè)愿意以一次性付費的方式向外方購買部分技術(shù)。這種技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓要求，屬于企業(yè)在成本效益核算基礎(chǔ)上的正常議價談判，無論分次支付技術(shù)費還是一次性支付技術(shù)費，都是國際商業(yè)技術(shù)交易中常見的做法。美國政府將外商投資企業(yè)通過訂立商業(yè)合同與中國企業(yè)建立伙伴關(guān)系、轉(zhuǎn)讓或許可其技術(shù)、共同在中國市場上獲得商業(yè)回報的自愿合作行為稱為“強制技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓”，完全是對事實的歪曲。

In the process of cooperation, the Chinese government has never introduced policies or practices that force foreign invested enterprises to transfer technology. Technological cooperation and other forms of commercial cooperation between Chinese and foreign businesses are entirely voluntary and bound by contracts. It generates real benefits for companies on both sides. Generally speaking, there are three patterns of technology-related revenues earned by foreign enterprises: (1) one-off transfer through settlement by an agreed price or discounted equity participation; (2) technology-related income that is included in the sales of equipment, components or products; and (3) technology licensing fees. For example a foreign enterprise with a technological advantage sells equipment to a Chinese company short of certain technologies related to the equipment. The Chinese company has to buy technical services and components from the equipment supplier multiple times in the long run. The Chinese company is willing to purchase some of the technologies from the foreign company for a one-off payment. Such requirements for technology transfer are normal price negotiations based on cost-benefit accounting. Such technology fee payments, be they in installments or in a lump-sum, are common practices in international commercial technology trading. It is a complete distortion of the facts that the US administration labels as forced technology transfer the voluntary behaviors of FIEs to partner with Chinese companies, transfer or license technologies, and reap profits together in Chinese market by entering into business contracts. 

　　除此之外，中國在某些領(lǐng)域的股權(quán)合作符合中國的國際義務(wù)、各國慣例和實踐，不能被混淆為“強制技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓”。而且，近幾年中國對外商投資的股權(quán)限制不斷放開，外國企業(yè)自由選擇權(quán)不斷擴大（專欄2）。在此過程中，中外企業(yè)股權(quán)合作仍然不斷深化，完全是雙方基于商業(yè)原因的自由選擇。

　　圖表：專欄2 中國大幅放寬外商投資準(zhǔn)入 新華社發(fā)

Besides, equity cooperation in some areas is in line with China’s international obligations and usual practices of many countries, and does not constitute forced technology transfer either. In recent years, China has eased restrictions on foreign equity (See Box 2), and given foreign businesses greater freedom of choice. In this process, equity cooperation between Chinese and foreign enterprises becomes deeper as a result of free choices based on commercial considerations by the two sides.